Malware Types

Know Your Digital Enemies

What is Malware?

Malware (malicious software) is any program designed to harm, exploit, or gain unauthorized access to computers. Over 560,000 new malware samples are detected daily.

Types of Malware

Viruses

Self-replicating code that attaches to legitimate programs. Spreads when infected files are shared or executed.

Trojans

Disguised as legitimate software. Opens backdoors for attackers. Unlike viruses, trojans don't self-replicate.

Worms

Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks without user interaction. Can cause widespread damage quickly.

Spyware

Secretly monitors user activity, captures screenshots, logs keystrokes, and exfiltrates data.

Ransomware

Encrypts files and demands payment for decryption. See our detailed ransomware guide.

Rootkits

Hides deep in the operating system to maintain persistent access. Extremely difficult to detect and remove.

Keyloggers

Records every keystroke to capture passwords, credit cards, and sensitive information.

Protection Strategies

  • Keep OS and software updated
  • Use reputable antivirus/antimalware
  • Don't download from untrusted sources
  • Be cautious with email attachments
  • Use a standard user account, not admin
  • Enable firewall protection

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